What kind of guitar is this?

That's a McPherson, and a nice one at that (and McPhersons are already the sort of guitar reserved for like f*cking royalty). All you need to know is that it is very f*cking expensive. What the offset soundhole does is really actually very speculative. The difference it makes and what it really does depends on who you talk to. I'd talk to a physicist specializing in sound to know the real answer. I'm of the contention that it makes the guitar sound better for a number of reasons that probably will sound like gibberish to you.